2018年自考《基础英语》测试题一

Part I. Vocabulary and structure (20 points)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four

choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the

corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

1. The cultural traditions of the invaders slowly ___ the practices of the island dwellers.

A. spread B. perpetuated C. permeated D. reinforced

2. He looked like a ___ of clay that, as in some strange fairy tale, suddenly came to life.

A. statue B. status C. statute D. stature

3. One of the greatest problems for the first immigrants in America was how to deal with the ___

population, the Indians.

A. heterogeneous B. homogeneous C. indigenous D. integrated

4. The famous psychologist has drawn up some psychological theories to ___ human behavior.

A. consolidate B. elucidate C. intimidate D. emancipate

5. Do you believe that the kidnappers will release their ___ unharmed once all their demands were

met? It seems incredible.

A. refugee B. hostage C. hijacker D. collaborator

6. Emma overcame her feeling of ___ long enough to notice the snake’s beautiful diamond

patterning.

A. repulsion B. impulsion C. compulsion D. expulsion

7. In this small village, he found few persons ___ to him and felt quite lonely.

A. congenital B. contentious C. concurrent D. congenial

8. The two opponent parties seemed more bent on ___ each other than on talking about

possibilities of constructive cooperation.

A. slandering B. consigning C. conspiring D. blundering

9. Therefore you can happily build word pictures with which to ___ and captivate an audience.

A. betray B. deduce C. beguile D. indulge

10. Pidgin English, though sometimes ignored and ___ as “baby talk”, is a legitimate and useful

language.

A. regarded B. dismissed C. derided D. abused

11. ___ spelling or grammatical errors in your resume will unfavorably impress potential

employers.

A. Illusive B. Elliptical C. Imprudent D. Conspicuous

12. His habit of wearing purple socks and white sneakers to the office was considered

harmlessly___.

A. lunatic B. concentric C. eccentric D. insane

13. Her hurt was ___ by the news that her boyfriend was leaving her to marry one of her best

friends.

A. exaggerated B. exacerbated C. extravagated D. excavated14. The book was criticized for having too many subjects and no ___ theme.

A. precedent B. predominant C. preceded D. predicative

15. that carried the tradition of 19th-century American Realism to perhaps its highest

level of achievement.

A. Thomas Eakins B. It was the painter Thomas Eakins

C. Thomas Eakins’ paintings D. Why it was Thomas Eakins

16. From cave paintings and from on bone and reindeer horn, it is known that

prehistoric humans were close observers of nature who carefully tracked the seasons and times of

the year.

A. apparently regular scratches B. scratching apparently regularly

C. regular scratches apparently D. scratches regular apparently

17. Although he suffered from discrimination, Martin Luther King is a man who believed in

reconciliation and only rarely a grudge during his Civil Rights movement.

A. he carried B. did he carry C. when he carried D. that he carried

18. Sharon is supposed to be here at nine o’clock; she about our meeting.

A. would have forgotten B. should have forgotten

C. ought to have forgotten D. must have forgotten

19. The committee members resented them of the meeting.

A. the president that he did not tell B. the president not to inform

C. the president’s not informing D. the president that he failed informing

20. The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is an anonymous,

statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.

A. nothing more than B. everything except C. anything but D. no less than

Part II Cloze (20 points)

Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,

B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the

Answer Sheet.

The introduction of new varieties of rice and wheat in Asia and Latin America has been

(21)______ as the “Green Revolution.” So far the new seeds and the (22)______ technology have

not resulted (23)______ increased agricultural production (24)______ or reduced malnutrition.

The direct, quantitative effects of introducing high-yielding (25)______ of food grains have been

modest. The indirect and quantitative effects, however, have sometimes (26)______ significant.

The new technology has led to (27)______ in crop pattern and in methods of production. It has

accelerated the development of (28)______ market-orientated, capitalist agriculture. It has

encouraged the growth of wage labor, and (29)______ helped to create or augment a (30)______

of agricultural laborers. It has increased the power of landowners, and this in (31)______ has been

associated with a greater (32)______ of classes and intensified conflict.

Changes in status and class alignments have been accompanied (33)______ changes in the

distribution of income. Profits and rents have increased absolutely and relatively. The share of

wages has declined and in some (34)______ real wages rates or the number of days worked, or

both, have declined. In (35)______, an old system of agriculture, slowly (36)______swiftly, is in

the (37)______ of being destroyed by the advance of contemporary technology.

The policies that have accompanied the “Green Revolution” in many (38)______ countrieshave aggravated the problems these countries (39)______. Supplies of some commodities have

increased, but the rate of growth of total agricultural production has shown little (40)______ to

rise. At the same time, inequality has become worse, and poverty has increased absolutely.

21. A. considered B. thought C. known D. called

22. A. accompanied B. accompanying C. consequent D. consequential

23. A. from B. by C. of D. in

24. A. per cent B. percentage C. per head D. per man

25. A. variation B. varieties C. variance D. variable

26. A. been B. to be C. being D. be

27. A. reforms B. modifications C. changes D. transformation

28. A. the B. one C. certain D. a

29. A. therein B. thereof C. thereby D. thereon

30. A. class B. group C. crowd D. gang

31. A. that B. turn C. all D. time

32. A. polarization B. polarity C. division D. extremity

33. A. from B. in C. with D. by

34. A. times B. events C. instances D. fields

35. A. short B. word C. trifle D. essence

36. A. and B. or C. but D. nor

37. A. way B. process C. procedure D. action

38. A. underdeveloped B. under developing C. developed D. non-developing

39. A. facing B. confronting C. face D. confront

40. A. intention B. temptation C. tendency D. attempt

Part Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension ( 35 points)

Section A

Directions: There are two passages in this section. Read each passage and then answer the

questions given at the end of each passage.(2×10=20 points)

Passage one

Before, whenever we had wealth, we started discussing poverty. Why not now? Why is the

current politics of wealth and poverty seemingly about wealth alone? Eight years ago, when Bill

Clinton first ran for president, the Dow Jones average was under 3,500, yearly federal budget

deficits were projected at hundreds of billions of dollars forever and beyond, and no one talked

about the “permanent boom” or the “new economy.” Yet in that more straitened time, Clinton

made much of the importance of “not leaving a single person behind.” It is possible that similar

“compassionate” rhetoric might yet play a role in the general election.

But it is striking how much less talk there is about the poor than there was eight years ago,

when the country was economically uncertain, or in previous eras, when the country felt flush.

Even last summer, when Clinton spent several days on a remarkable, Bobby Kennedy-like

pilgrimage through impoverished areas from Indian reservations in South Dakota to ghetto

neighborhoods in East St. Louis, the administration decided to refer to the effort not as a poverty

tour but as a “new markets initiative.”

What is happening is partly a logical, policy-driven reaction. Poverty really is lower than ithas been in decades, especially for minority groups. The most attractive solution to it—a growing

economy—is being applied. The people who have been totally left out of this boom often have

medical, mental or other problems for which no one has an immediate solution. “The economy has

sucked in anyone who has any preparation, any ability to cope with modern life,” says Franklin D.

Raines, the former director of the Office of Management and Budget who is now head of Fannie

Mae. When he and other people who specialize in the issue talk about solutions, they talk

analytically and long-term: education, development of work skills, shifts in the labor market,

adjustment in welfare reform.

But I think there is another force that has made this a rich era with barely visible poor people.

It is the unusual social and imaginative separation between prosperous America and those still left

out…. It’s simple invisibility, because of increasing geographic, occupation, and social berriers

that block one group from the other’s view.

41. The main idea of the passage is that ______.

A. The county is enjoying economic growth

B. The poor are benefiting from today’s good economy

C. in the past we were more aware of the poor than we are today

D. in the past there were many more poor people than there are today

42. In line 5 of the 1st paragraph, the word “straitened” means “______.”

A. wealthy B. difficult C. apathetic D. tensional

43. From this passage, we can conclude that ______.

A. the relationship between the rich and the poor has changed

B. the good economy will soon end

C. poverty will be removed as a result of increased wealth

D. all people benefit from good economic conditions

44. According to the author, one important reason that we do not talk much about poverty is that

______.

A. no one knows what to do about it

B. poverty really is lower than in the past

C. no one has been left out of the current boom

D. the president is not concerned about the poor

45. The main purpose of writing this passage is to .

A. entertain B. tell a story C. describe D. persuade

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