2.forge 形成，打造，铸就；

3.be obliged to do sth不得不,

4.justify 证明…是合理的；

5.advantageous 有利的；

6.profitable 赚钱的；

7.in one’s case 对…而言； 按照…而言；

One hundred million RMB,or in Wangjianlin’s case, a small aim, is an impossibledream for most of us.(一个亿，按王健林的说法就是个小目标，对于大多数的我们就是一个不可能的梦。)8. pro-Brexit MPs 支持脱欧的议员；

9. the single market 单一市场（这里指的就是欧盟）切分：

1.Yet, thanks tocross-party alliances forged in the Lords,多亏了上议院形成的跨党派联盟2.the Conservative and Labour leaders, and pro-Brexit MPs, will this week beobliged to justify保守党和工党的领袖以及支持脱欧的议员必须证明……3.why they think quitting or, in Labour’s case,not-quite-quitting, the single market, is a good idea.为什么他们认为退出或 “不完全退出”（对工党来说）单一市场是个好主意。4. the most advantageous and profitable trading arrangement the UK has enjoyed,（the single market的同位语）= the single market is the most advantageous and profitable trading arrangement/ theUK has enjoyed单一市场是英国享受过的最有利和最赚钱的交易协议。（你切分对了吗！？）参考译文：但是多亏上议院形成的跨党派联盟，保守党和工党的领袖以及支持脱欧的议员本周将不得不证明，为什么他们认为退出或“不完全退出”（对工党来说）单一市场是个好主意。单一市场是英国享受过的最有利、最赚钱的交易协议。

思考题：

A cross-party alliance is a good idea.

文中没有提及。

B the agreement ofsingle market is a good idea.

他们认为退出单一市场才是好主意哦，所以他们肯定不认为单一市场是好主意。

C. quitting the single market is a good idea.

文中说了他们不得不证明退出是好主意！

所以他们至少在口头上表达了这是一个好主意的。

不然不会让他们证明。

正确!

Dlimited quitting of EUis not a good idea.

有限脱欧在这里就是脱欧，只不过是工党的说法而已。

所以他们还是会觉得有限脱欧依然是好主意。排除！

不同的表达相同的概念！

最极端的就是这个例子：

Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media.

（被绑架媒体就是口碑媒体的反面）

这里的hijacked media=earned media

所以当时有了答案：

Earned media can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.

还记得吗？

第239句

The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.

思考题：

29.The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive“partly because it________

［A］prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.

［B］bans outsiders’involvement in the profession.

［C］aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.

［D］keeps lawyers form holding law-firm shares.

词汇突破：

1. restrictive 限制性的

2. guild-like ownership 行业协会式的所有制结构

3. non-lawyers 非律师 non-teacher 非教师；不是律师的人； （有同学理解为了没有律师，所有错选了D，真的很可惜。）

4. aggravate 加剧，恶化

5. ethical situation 道德形势

6. law-firm shares 律所股份

第一句：

The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.

参考译文：（法律行业）成本如此之高的另一个原因是法律行业的限制性的行业协会式的所有权结构

第二句:

Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.

参考译文：除哥伦比亚特区外，（在其他地区）非律师不得拥有任何律师事务所的股份。

第二句就是在解释第一句中的the restrictive

所以题干最后定位就是第二句，这就是考研中问因果的时候，不会直接表述因果的一种情况。

思考题:

工会式的所有权结构被认为是“限制性的”，部分原因是它本身就是“限制性的”。

［A］prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.

［B］bans outsiders’involvement in the profession.

［C］aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.

［D］keeps lawyers form holding law-firm shares.

A和Ｃ在这里都没有提到，Ｄ选项是对于non-lawyer 这个词的偷换；

所以答案只能B；于是有了AB句：

A句：non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.

B句：law firm bans outsiders ‘involvement in the profession.

第240句

There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language — all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.

有两个基本的方式可以看到成长：一个是作为产品，另外一个是流程；

55. A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when ________.

[A] he has given up his smoking habit

[B] he has made great efforts in his work

[C] he is keen on learning anything new

[D] he has tried to determine where he is on his journey

题型识别：细节题

题干定位：题干中的定位词generally believed可以定位到：

People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured.

人们通常会把个人的成长当成是外在的成长或者是容易被确定和测量的结果（product）。

思路解析：细节题中的演绎题，即文章中给出一个结论，根据结论来判断选项中的具体信息是否符合原文的定义。（这种题目在最近十年都没有出现过了，所以你要是做错了也不要过于忧伤！但是你得提防下一次出现！）

选项分析：

[D] he has tried to determine where he is on his journey

（他试着确定他在路程中的哪里。）

这不是外在的可以被测量的结果，排除；内心戏

[C] he is keen on learning anything new

（他喜欢学习任何新的东西。）

这也不是外在的和可被测量的结果，排除；内心戏

[B] he has made great efforts in his work

（他在他的工作中付出了巨大的努力！）

这也不是外在的和可被测量的结果，排除；内心戏

（在工作上做了努力，但是没有结果啊，这依然是过程啊！这个题目很残酷的告诉我们：这就是一个看结果的世界，你付出再多的努力，如果没有外在的结果，依然是没有获得成长的！当然你可以不接受这个说法，但是原文就是这样说的！严格按照原文的表述！不要有自己的想法！）

[A] he has given up his smoking habit

这是外在的且是可以被测量的结果，入选！A就是正确答案！

There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process.

有两种基本的方式来看待成长：一种是作为产品，另一种是作为一个过程。People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured.

人们通常把个人成长看作是一个外部的结果或产品，很容易被识别和衡量。

The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language — all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.

得到晋升的工人、成绩提高的学生、学习一门新语言的外国人——所有这些都是有可衡量成绩的人的例子，可以证明他们的努力。

去年我让同学背了下面的文字：

大家再看看2018年的文章！这样的文字简直就是原文重现啊！

这是1995年的阅读真题啊！所以大家都写一样的也没问题啊！

The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility they may “fail” at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we’re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all. These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.

第241句

It’s possible that plutocrats(有钱有势的人) are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory (没收性的) tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night. They can live with that.

No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.

思考题：

What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?

A) They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.

B) They know that the middle class contributes most to society.

C) They want to gain support for global economic integration.

D) They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.

今天题目的解析:

1.It’s possible that plutocrats(有钱有势的人) are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory (没收性的) tax policies.

词汇突破：1.confiscatory (没收性的) tax policies ：指的就是非常高的税收；

2.insulate themselves from：使…免除，使…不受影响

3.solidarity 支持

句子结构：It’s possible that A are expressing B as part of C.

参考译文：有钱有势的人对于苦苦挣扎的中产阶级表达了支持，这可能是他们使自己免受没收性税务政策努力的一部分

2.But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night.

词汇突破:Prospect:可能性

参考译文：收入不平等将导致对富人收更高的税，这样的可能性不会让那些有权有势的人在晚上睡不着。

3.They can live with that.

参考译文：他们受的了这一切。

4.No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.

这里的no是对第一句中的it’s possible的否定；

主干识别：what they fear was that+表语从句

他们害怕的是：

其他成分：the political challenges of A will be more difficult.

A受到的来自政治方面的挑战将会更严峻。

A=sustaining support for global economic integration

对于全球经济一体化的持续支持；

because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.

因为发生在收入分配和经济不安全上的那些事情；

参考译文：他们害怕的是：因为发生在收入分配和经济不安全上的那些事情,所以对于全球经济一体化的持续支持将会受到的来自政治方面的更严峻的挑战。

（这个译文这的也是没谁了，我快被自己帅着了！我真帅！）

也就是说他们害怕失去“对于全球经济一体化的持续支持。”

也就是他们想要得到对于全球经济一体化的支持，

所以他们表达了对于中产阶级的同情和支持！

（只有中产阶级日子过得好了，政府才不会改变现有的经济政策；）

（因为美国中产是大多数，如果他们日子过得不好，他们就想改变，政府就得听！这样一来就会改变现行的支持全球经济一体化的政策。而美国的富人是从全球经济一体化中获益最多的人群，这是会真断了他们财路的事，所以他们会关心中产阶级！）

8. What is thereal reasonfor plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?

A) They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.

B) They know that the middle class contributes most to society.

C) They want to gain support for global economic integration.

D) They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.

正确答案选C ,如果还没有懂可以听我的语音解析！我相信我能让你变得更强大！

明天的句子1:（这是一道经典的翻译题！）

Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity.

第242句

观点一：

第一句：

We, Chinese, should avoid suchshallow festivities such as Halloween, Easter and the dreadful US styleChristmas.

我们中国人应该避免类似万圣节、复活节和可怕的美国式圣诞节这样的肤浅的节日。

第二句：

Chinese festivals are far moreinteresting and far older for the most part.

中国的节日大多更有趣和古老得多。

观点二：

第一句：

We love any excuse for an activity that is different from our working lives.

我们喜欢为与我们的工作不同的活动找任何借口。

第二句：

There is nothing about religion; just the exciting bits about giving gifts, decorating and dressing up.

这一切都和宗教无关，只有送礼、装饰和装扮等，这样一些令人小兴奋的事情。

第三句：

Good excuses for parties,eating good food and meeting friends and family.

为聚会、吃好食物、会见朋友和家人找的好借口。（这是一个省略句补全就是These are…）

第四句：

So, it is not necessary to worry too much about the so called cultural invasion and call for cultural protection policy.

所以，我们无须过分担心所谓的文化侵略，也不用号召文化保护政策。

第五句：

A more open and tolerant stance should be adopted by us to embrace this ever diversified world.

我们应该采取一种更加开放和宽容的态度，以拥抱这个日益多样化的世界。

我们一起来挑战看看你花多少时间能把上面的句子背下来！

翻译的句子：

Aluminum remained unknownuntil the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity.

词汇突破：

1.Aluminum 铝

2.Free 元素的游离状态

3.Affinity 归属感

He has a close affinity with the landscape he knew when he was growing up.

他对这片从小就了解的土地有着一种归属感。

Affinity for 一种元素对于另一种元素的亲和力

主干识别：Aluminum remained unknown

铝一直没有被人发现；

切分成分：

1. because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity.

2. until the nineteenth century.

独立成句：

1.because nowhere in nature is it found = Because it is found nowhere in nature.由于在自然界找不到游离状态的铝;

2.owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen

由于它总是跟其他元素结合在一起;最普遍的是跟氧结合

3.for which it has a strong affinity.

Which= oxygen

It = aluminum

= aluminum has a strong affinity for the oxygen

铝跟氧有很强的亲和力。

调整语序：中文习惯先翻原因，再翻结果

参考译文：铝总是跟其他元素结合在一起，最普遍的是跟氧结合，因为铝跟氧有很强的亲和力，进而在自然界找不到游离状态的铝；所以，铝直到19世纪才被人发现。

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