Racial discrimination causes health disparities. When looking at the 10 leading causes of death in the United States, including cancer, stroke and heart disease, mortality rates among black Americans were higher than among white Americans. Compelling evidence suggests both individual- and institutional-level discrimination causes this disparity, the Huffington Post reported on February 5, 2018. The infant mortality rate of black infants was 2.3 times higher than white infants. An African American born today on average, still expect to live about 3.5 fewer years than a white person born on the same day, according a report from the Economic Policy Institute on February 26, 2018.

金融领域种族歧视严重。《洛杉矶时报》网站2018年5月27日报道，联邦消费者金融保护局的数据显示，在所有贷款类型中，非洲裔申请人被拒绝的比例是非拉美裔白人的2倍以上。非洲裔和拉美裔还被收取更高的贷款利率，他们通常要承担比平均利率高出1.5个百分点的年利率。

Serious racial discrimination exists in the financial sector. Black applicants were rejected at more than double the rate of non-Hispanic white applicants on all types of loans, data with the federal Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection showed. Black and Hispanic applicants were charged interest rates more often at least 1.5 percentage points above the "average prime offer rate" for loans of a similar type, Los Angeles Times reported on May 27, 2018.

五、儿童安全令人担忧

V．Children Face Worrisome Safety Problems

美国校园枪击案高发，校园暴力广泛存在，政府对侵犯、虐待儿童的行为监管不力，儿童人身安全、身心健康和生存环境令人担忧。

The high incidence of school shootings, widespread school violence and lack of effective government oversight of children abuse has posed a threat to American children both physically and mentally and their living environment is worrisome.

校园枪击案频发。英国广播公司新闻网2018年12月12日报道，2018年是自1970年有记录以来美国校园枪击事件发生数量最多的年份，也是造成伤亡最严重的一年。根据美国国土防御和安全中心以及联邦紧急事务管理局发布的数据，2018年已发生94起校园枪击案，共有163人伤亡，超过了1986年创下的伤亡97人的最高纪录。2018年2月14日，19岁的尼古拉斯·克鲁兹携枪支和多个弹匣，进入佛罗里达州的一所高中并拉响火灾警报，趁大量学生跑出教室时，用半自动步枪扫射，造成17人死亡、至少14人受伤。（注34）皮尤研究中心网站4月18日报道，57%的青少年受访者表示担心学校可能发生枪击事件，63%的父母受访者表示担心孩子所在学校可能发生枪击事件。

School shootings frequently occurred. According to a BBC report on December 12, 2018, the year of 2018 has had the highest number of incidents ever recorded, in figures going back to 1970, and has been the worst year for deaths and injuries. Data from the U.S. Center for Homeland Defense and Security and the Federal Emergency Management Agency showed that there were 94 gun incidents in U.S. schools in 2018, with 163 casualties, compared with a previous high of 97 in 1986. On February 14, 2018, 19-year-old Nikolas Cruz, equipped with a gun and multiple magazines of ammunition, opened fire at a Florida high school, killing 17 people and injuring at least 14. Cruz had pulled the fire alarm and then started shooting with the semi-automatic weapon at students who came pouring out of the classrooms (, February 14, 2018). According to a report by Pew Research Center on April 18, 2018, 57 percent of teens surveyed said they were worried about the possibility of a shooting happening at their school, while 63 percent of parents of teenagers said they were at least somewhat worried about the possibility of a shooting happening at their child's school.

校园暴力问题凸显。2017－2018学年，美国校园暴力事件数量比上一学年增长了113%。针对27个州超过16万名中学生的调查显示，近40%的初中生和27%的高中生受访者表示曾经遭受校园欺凌。（注35）《美国学校与大学杂志》网站12月10日报道，佛罗里达州超过600所学校未按法律要求向州政府报告校园内发生的违法犯罪行为。

The problem of school violence is prominent. Violent incidents in U.S. schools increased 113 percent during the past 2017-2018 school year. According to a survey based on responses from more than 160,000 secondary students in 27 states, nearly 40 percent of middle-schoolers said they'd been bullied while 27 percent of high-schoolers said the same (, August 14 and September 24, 2018). American School & University reported on December 10, 2018 that more than 600 schools in Florida failed to report crimes that took place on campus to the state each year.

儿童受虐状况严重。根据美国疾病预防与控制中心的统计，四分之一的美国儿童遭受过虐待。（注36）《得克萨斯州论坛报》网站2018年12月6日报道，过去十年中，得克萨斯州多家托儿所的数百名儿童受到虐待，其中88名儿童死亡。英国《卫报》网站12月18日报道，位于马萨诸塞州坎顿市的一所教育中心经常使用高功率电击惩罚学生，一些人承受的电流强度远超过电击枪释放的电流。美洲人权委员会罕见地发出正式通知，要求该机构立即停止实施电击“酷刑”。