-- Hate crimes surged to new height. A report released by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in November 2018 said hate crimes rose by about 17 percent to 7,175 cases in the United States in 2017. Offenses motivated by racial prejudice made up about 60 percent of hate crimes, with African-Americans being targeted in nearly half of them.

——非洲裔生存状况堪忧。美国非洲裔家庭财富的中位值只有白人的十分之一。非洲裔的贫困率是白人的2.5倍，失业率长期维持在白人的2倍左右，入狱率是白人的6倍以上，婴儿死亡率是白人的2.3倍，人均预期寿命比白人低约3.5岁。

-- The living conditions of African-Americans are worrisome. The median white family has about 10 times as much wealth as the median black family. African Americans are 2.5 times as likely to be in poverty as whites, about twice as likely to be in unemployment as whites, and more than 6 times as likely as whites to be incarcerated. The infant mortality rate is 1.3 times higher for African Americans, whose average life expectancy is about 3.5 years shorter than whites.

——校园枪声不绝于耳。2018年美国发生94起校园枪击案，共有163人伤亡，是有记录以来校园枪击案数量最多、伤亡最重的一年。校园暴力事件数量比上一学年增长了113%。

-- There were endless school shootings. Last year, a total of 94 school shootings occurred across the United States and left 163 people dead or injured, making it the worst year on record with the most school shooting cases and the most severe casualties. Violent incidents in schools also increased 113 percent from the previous school year.

——女性深陷性骚扰和性侵恐惧。调查显示，81%的女性受访者表示在一生中经历过性骚扰，27%的女性受访者表示曾遭受性侵犯。

-- Women are living in fear of sexual harassment and sexual assaults. A survey found that 81 percent of women interviewed had experienced some form of sexual harassment, and 27 percent said they had been sexually assaulted.

——移民政策致使骨肉分离。美国政府2018年4月开始实施“零容忍”政策，导致至少2000名移民儿童被迫与家人分离。边境执法人员虐待、性侵未成年移民案件数量惊人增长。

-- Immigration policy separated children from parents. A new "zero tolerance" policy inaugurated by the U.S. government in April 2018 has separated at least 2,000 migrant children from their families. There has also been a startling increase in the number of instances where U.S. Border Patrol officers have mistreated or sexually abused juvenile migrants.

——悍然退出联合国人权理事会。《大西洋月刊》网站的报道文章分析认为，美国此举最阴险的意图是为了防止自身受到侵犯人权的指控。

-- Flagrantly withdraw from the UN Human Rights Council. The Atlantic said in an online analysis that one of the most likely, and most insidious, arguments for the move is to prevent the United States from being called out on its own alleged human-rights abuses.

一、公民权利屡遭践踏

I. Frequent Infringement on Civil Rights

美国暴力犯罪案件频发，涉枪犯罪猖獗，公职人员滥用职权，监听活动肆无忌惮，新闻自由徒有虚名。

The United States reported frequent occurrence of violent crime cases, rampant gun crimes and the abuse of power by public officers, while surveillance was unchecked and unscrupulous and press freedom was hollow.

严重暴力犯罪案件频发。美国联邦调查局2018年9月发布的《2017年美国犯罪报告》显示，全年共发生暴力犯罪案件1247321起，谋杀案件17284起、强奸案件135755起、严重暴力伤害案件810825起、抢劫案件319356起。72.6%的谋杀案件、40.6%的抢劫案件和26.3%的严重暴力伤害案件为涉枪案件。（注1）芝加哥市被称为美国“最不安全”的大城市之一，近年来每年都有几百人被谋杀。仅2018年8月4日和5日，该市就有74人遭枪击，其中12人死亡。成千上万的美国年轻人纷纷逃离严重暴力案件多发的城市。（注2）

Serious violent crimes took place frequently. According to the 2017 edition of the FBI's annual report, Crime in the United States, released in September 2018, there were an estimated 1,247,321 violent crimes, including 17,284 incidents of murder, 135,755 rapes, 810,825 aggravated assaults, as well as 319,356 robberies. Among the cases, 72.6 percent of murders, 40.6 percent of robberies, and 26.3 percent of aggravated assaults were committed with firearms (). Chicago was named as one of the most dangerous big cities in the United States, as hundreds of people were murdered each year in recent years. On August 4 and 5, 74 people in the city were shot, and 12 of them died. Tens of thousands of young Americans fled from the cities with rampant violent crimes (Wall Street Journal, August 9, 2018).